G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Visits caravan camp beyond Rabai. Proposes to buy land here - possibility as plantation. Plans road between Rabai and Gulugulu. Possibility of damming 2 streams - good grazing land. Pigott making track through bush for mule and camel. Has ordered number of these animals from Aden. More economical than porters. Fixed site of permanent station - will afford protection to natives from Masai raids. Good trading possibilities. News of caravan - encloses letters from members. Bought "Kilwa". Survey of Mombasa Harbour progressing. Lease of C.M. Society's town house. Copies of indents sent and plan of Mombasa Custom House. Urgency of sending copper coinage. Importance of arming expedition members. Satisfied with progress and with trading possibilities. Details of coded telegram from G.S.Mackenzie to Co. Need for sappers to be brought in quietly.Government should adopt policy of armed neutrality in matter of rumoured blockade to prevent importing arms and to suppress slavery.

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Archive Record|Table of contents

Papers of Sir William MackinnonPP MS 1

Balinakill EstatePP MS 1/BAL

British India Steam Navigation CompanyPP MS 1/BISN

City of Glasgow BankPP MS 1/CGB

CorrespondencePP MS 1/CORR

Emin Pasha Relief ExpeditionPP MS 1/EPRE

Imperial British East Africa CompanyPP MS 1/IBEA

Correspondence and papers relating to the Imperial British East Africa CompanyPP MS 1/IBEA/1

IBEA Co. FILE 1 APP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A

G.S. Mackenzie (S.S. Kistna) to Secretary, IBEA CoTravel details of the expedition landing at Mombassa, pushing to Wadelai, making treaties with chiefs en route. Surveys & road-making round Mombassa. Unlike Germans there is a need to change administration slowly & if possible keep Sultan's employees Two Bengal acquaintances & importing Indian workers & cropsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/1

Sec.? IBEA Co (Zanzibar) to Lt. Swayne R.E.Instructions of work to be done at Mombasa - surveys & charts regarding purchased land, proposed railway, suitable frontier station Details of Mombasa staff dutiesPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/2

Sec.? German Colonial Union, regarding German Witu Co. (Germany) to [ ]Details of German co.'s acquisition of land in Zanzibar. Plans for increasing business - financial details & names of promotersPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/3

G.S. Mackenzie (Mombasa) to Hon. Sec. IBEA Co.Meeting with Governor of Mombasa 4 Oct Meetings with Sultan & officials in Zanzibar concerning IBEA Co concession. Praise of Col. Euan Smith. Avoided up-setting natives by travelling under Sultan's flag with Gen. Matthews. Many local meetings & preparation for caravan. Oct. 20 - demonstration by natives taken calmly by G.S. Mackenzie showed need of strong police force. Details of caravan & of S.S. Kilwa. Approves of island, foresees more trade routes. Mentions proclamationPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/4

G.S. Mackenzie to Hon. Sec. IBEA Co.Details of tools etc. requestedPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/5

G.S. Mackenzie to Honorary Secretary IBEA Company. Staff hired & salaries paid. Stresses importance of British Government's firmness in dealing with German government threat to blockade southern ports. Wishes Stork to be sent for Mombasa harbour survey & to show the flag. Mentions difficulties of sending letters to Stanley. Requests sheds, fencing (to keep cattle & pigs out of coconut plantations). Also galvanized huts for Europeans at the 2 camps and details of pier at Mombasa. Need for light railway to help road building. Possibility of selling building materials to Indian settlers. Details of immediate building work for IBEA Company to undertake. Also post office & minting own currency for wages etc.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/6

G.S. Mackenzie to IBEA Co.Details of payments made on Company's behalfPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/7

G.S. Mackenzie to IBEA Co.Requests for presents to important local people - engraved watches & guns.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/8

G.S. Mackenzie to IBEA Co.Concern over German actions in area & mentioning again the latter's intention to blockade southern ports. Sultan expects British support. Germans spreading rumours about IBEA Co.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/9

G.S. Mackenzie to IBEA Co.Requests iron beams for converting Custom House into office & living accommodationPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/10

G.S. Mackenzie to IBEA Co.Indents for furniture & office equipmentPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/11

G.S. Mackenzie (Mombasa) to Col. Euan SmithDescribing welcome at Mombasa 15 Oct & public durbar. Stresses delicacy & tact needed to win over all local influential people. Presents himself as Sultan's representative. Criticizes Church Missionary Society's misguided efforts in helping escaped slaves - should follow local custom for dealing with dissatisfied slaves. IBEA Co.'s control of administration almost worked out. Baraza held 19 Oct in presence of Hamid Bin Suliman - successful. Mr. Price (C.M.S.) gives assurance that mission will no longer harbour runaway slaves. IBEA Co. rep. could live at mission to supervise this - accepted by locals. Copy of Elders' grievances against mission & how they can be rectified.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/12

Details of properties purchased by or on behalf of IBEA Co.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/13

G. S. Mackenzie to Swayneadvising Swayne on deployment of men & goods to various campsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/14

G.S. Mackenzie to Gen. MatthewsArrangements for general to work for IBEA Co. at Mombasa on a temporary basis. Asks him to bring men, with Sultan's permission to start police force which general will command. Details of appointment and salaryPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/15

Gen. Matthews to G.S. MackenzieAcceptance of post.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/16

G.S. Mackenzie (Zanzibar) to Lt. SwayneSets out aims of expedition - mapping routes - friendly contact with tribes - exchanging treaties. Recommends route through Kikumbuliu and Kikuyu permanent station possibly on former site. Next trading post at Njemps in charge of Jackson, Kenvick and Crawford. Ivory bought there should finance expedition. On to Wadelai forming a caravan route between Emin Pasha's province and Mombasa. 2nd caravan in 3 months to take over from Jackson etc. who then continue down coast by different route making surveys and treaties. Importance of making peace with Masai - arranging trading with them etc. Any firm opposition and caravan should re-route to meet Galla tribes. Keep Company informed of progress and of Longo charges Stresses importance and aims of expedition. P.S. on use of flag, surveying wells, trading samples and presents to chiefs.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/17

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.List of reports, sketches of expedition being sent under separate coverPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/18

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan Smith.States his views on brawl - wishes to play it down, and tell Elders the Company forgive and forget. Success of final baraza. Successful meeting with mission leader. Plans to make "Kilwa" comfortable for weekly trips. Criticism of Gen. Matthews extravagance and slownessPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/19

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Visits caravan camp beyond Rabai. Proposes to buy land here - possibility as plantation. Plans road between Rabai and Gulugulu. Possibility of damming 2 streams - good grazing land. Pigott making track through bush for mule and camel. Has ordered number of these animals from Aden. More economical than porters. Fixed site of permanent station - will afford protection to natives from Masai raids. Good trading possibilities. News of caravan - encloses letters from members. Bought "Kilwa". Survey of Mombasa Harbour progressing. Lease of C.M. Society's town house. Copies of indents sent and plan of Mombasa Custom House. Urgency of sending copper coinage. Importance of arming expedition members. Satisfied with progress and with trading possibilities. Details of coded telegram from G.S.Mackenzie to Co. Need for sappers to be brought in quietly.Government should adopt policy of armed neutrality in matter of rumoured blockade to prevent importing arms and to suppress slavery.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/20

G.S. Mackenzie to Lt. SwayneInstructions to make surveys of lands on coast for good cart road and for railway from Port Reitz to Gulu Gulu.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/21

G.S. Mackenzie to F.J. JacksonInstructions to assume command of caravan while Swayne is away surveying. To find suitable site for station at Izavo. Food stores at Gulu Gulu to be fetched when camp is settled. Separate camp for Rabai Mission porters. Critical about delay in moving from 1st camp. Wants exact no. of employees. Encloses original instructions intended for Swayne.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/22

List of Mombassa portersPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/23

List of Zanzibar portersPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/24

G.S. Mackenzie to J.I. LastInsists Last must obey orders from Swayne. Stresses importance of harmony among caravan members.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/25

G.S. Mackenzie to C. CranfordCranford's order of goods approved. Pigott in charge of road and camp. Cranford to do stocktaking of stores - to be kept separate from road expenditure. Allowance for Europeans at camp to buy fresh supplies. Wishes to know what trading possibilities exist. Cranford to give Jackson particulars of employees.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/26

G.S. Mackenzie to J.R.W. PigottInstructions on road - keeping separate accounts. Advisability on eating fresh rather than tinned food. Hence Europeans daily allowance. Hopes of setting up weekly postal service. Wants no. of soldiers and guards required at each camp. Desirability of buying land where camps are situated.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/27

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan SmithBelooch Soldiers refused to allow flags at fort needed for survey operation. Wali a weak man but very pro-British. Feels Sultan must teach soldiers and populace strong lesson not to question his authority. Wants to reduce garrison force to 200 reliable men, and to pay them more. Leaders of soldiers should be punishedPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/30

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan SmithRecommends British government to show appreciation to those local people who have helped company's officers by not blockading their ports.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/31

G.S. MackenzieCopy of Indents referred to in general letter no. 10, page 8 - for gig, bullocks, & carts, also ploughs together with men to use them. For camels, mules & Somali employeesAgreement between Sultan & G.S. Mackenzie for charter of Steamer "Kilwa" for 6 monthsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/32

G.S. Mackenzie ? to Sec. IBEA Co.List of staff needed for administration at Mombassa. Adapting Custom House to home administration. Useless troops mentioned - hopes to make Sultan pay their wages. Plans to visit Wanga & coastal ports. Importance of setting up reliable local force.- supplied by Gen. Matthews. Details of men needed, pay & cost of food. Need for 2 more boats to work small ports.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/33

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Success of actions taken over runaway slaves. Plans to upset slave-hunting by low price for slaves. Released men must be trained to work for wages. Suggests fines for Europeans who harbour slaves. Plans to pay £3500 for 1421 slaves.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/34

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan SmithDetails of Rev. Price's confirmation of arrangements regarding runaway slaves. Later Rev. Price informed G.S. Mackenzie of mistakes in no. of such slaves at mission. The slaves intended to resist being returned to masters. To avoid trouble G.S. Mackenzie suggested to Hamid-bin-Suliman that the slaves be freed by purchase & money given to owners. Suggests Col. E. Smith issues permits for settlement at mission by freed slaves which would provide evidence in any later dispute. Still wants elected representative from IBEA Co. at mission.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/35

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan SmithBaraza, 19 Oct - acknowledgement of Sultan's Proclamation of Concession to IBEA Co. Administrative officers to stay. Chief European rep. of IBEA Co. to advise local authorities.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/36

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan SmithCopy of Rev. Price's address to people of Mombasa regarding runaway slaves.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/37

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithReport on G.S. Mackenzie's visit to missions - confirming grounds for complaint against mission stations regarding slaves. 915 runaway slaves at Rabai, 311 at Rebi, 122 at Jonmva, 47 at Jiniba.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/38

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithRefused to allow 3 Arab prisoners to be transported to Zanzibar on KilwaPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/39

Col. E. Smith to British Subjects & EuropeansMemorandum explaining G.B.'s, Germany's & Italy's blockade on East Coast to prevent slave trading & importing of arms. Advises Europeans to restrict travelling & be prepared for hostility.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/40

G.S. Mackenzie to Rev. Price - Explains plan to pay slave owners compensation for freeing their runaway slaves - difficulty in fixing prices. Suggests a member of the mission society be established at each station set up by IBEA Co. for preaching & teaching & setting up an English class for native lads to train as clerks & interpreters.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/41

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithFull report on runaway slaves. 3 societies involved - (1) Church Mission Society, (2) United Methodist Free Church Society of Sheffield, (3) The German Evangelical Lutheran Mission in East Africa of Hersbruk Bavarici. All slaves questioned for details of ownership. Admires missionaries but finds they were misguided in their actions. Should be control over where missions set up. Acting illegally over slaves - bloodshed must be avoided. G.S. Mackenzie suggests young slaves be educated & that C.M.S. take control of all missions. Mentions again instituting a law fining Europeans harbouring slaves.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/42

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithSummary of runaway slaves & residence of owners. Separately listed under 3 main missions.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/43

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Enclosing Cranford's letter requesting part of salary to be paid in England & G.S. Mackenzie's reply to CranfordPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/44

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Indents for tools & equipmentPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/45

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Enclosing Swayne's letter re-questing extension of leave from army to continue surveys. (Enclosure written 23 Oct at Gulu Gulu Camp).PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/46

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Encloses sample of Matama - good food for porters if machines for removing husks & for grinding could be sent.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/47

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Jackson's caravan failed to reach Izavo River due to scarcity of water. But confident that caravan will reach destination via Mr. Thomson's route. Next permanent station to be formed in Ulu Country - amoung friendly natives, the Wakamba. Trading centre to be in Ulu Country. [ ] European assistants needed, young, healthy, & used to handling natives. Must bring own furniture, etc.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/48

G.S. Mackenzie to E.S. Pemberton (copy enclosure to previous letter)Refusing secondhand tramway equipment because of high costPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/49

E.S. Pemberton to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosure to letter to Sec. 19 Nov.)List of tramway materialPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/50

J.R.W. Pigott to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosure to letter to Sec. 19 Nov.)Details of men employed at Bimi Camp. Natives working badly. Possible route through Rabai hills. Details of soldiers needed to protect camp. Has advised villagers on cultivation methods. Information needed on climate and meteorological instruments required. Requests medical officer in Rabai.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/51

C. Cranford (Gulu Gulu) to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosure to letter to Sec. 19 Nov.)Sends sketch map of station at Gulu Gulu and route of caravan. Details water supplies and crops grown, roads, trade in animals and milk products. Local protection against Masai adequate.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/52

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Enclosing report from Swayne on Gulu Gulu. Need for engineer for water boringPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/53

H.S. Swayne to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosure to Sec. in letter 20 Nov.Report on Gulu Gulu to accompany sketch. Details of track from Rabai and available water. Description of Wakamba tribe. Description of buildings erected by Last and of native huts. Large pool of fresh water. No fertile districts before Kikumbalia and Ulu, 100 - 120 miles distant. Railway a possibility from Port Reitz. Cattle and ponies should thrive in Gulu Gulu. Trading not satisfactory, exhorbitant prices asked. Natives prefer money to barter. Need for stone grinder for matama. Buni better forwarding station than Gulu Gulu. Details of nearby villages.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/54

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Details of salaries and Bill of Lading for Austrian riflePP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/55

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Requesting payments to Swayne and LastPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/56

G.S. Mackenzie and W.J.W. Nicol to J.T. Last (enclosed in previous letter.Copy of agreement of employment of Mr. LastPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/57

J.T. Last to Buchanan (enclosed in G.S. Mackenzie's letter to Sec. 27 Nov. 1888)Requesting Mrs. Last to draw chief part of his salaryPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/58

G.S. Mackenzie to Last (enclosed in G.S. Mackenzie's letter to Sec. 27 Nov. 1888)Details of Last's salary and arranging for money to Mrs. LastPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/59

Swayne to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosed in G.S. Mackenzie's letter to Sec. 27 Nov. 1888)Request for remittance of ½ salary to Army agentsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/60

G.S. Mackenzie to SwayneReply to Swayne's request and details of payPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/61

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co. Instructions received from Mackinnon not to redeem shares arrived too late. Details of G.S. Mackenzie's telegram giving details of settlement. Advises cautious and gradual measures to abolish slavery. Redeemed slaves are not Company's possessions. Is satisfied with his actions regarding slaves.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/62

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithInforms that Sheikhs and Elders have accepted sum of $25 per head for run-away slaves. Is in process of paying owners. Asks Col. E. Smith to deal with owners residing outside IBEA Co.'s jurisdiction Requests that all missions be informed of new procedure.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/63

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Copy of telegram from IBEA. Reports his instructions to Jackson, leader of caravan to interior. Hopes to obtain services of Mr. Martin, Telaki's headman and porters for trips to interior. Proposes to send Swayne in new launch up the Tana to make treaties and set up base for Wadelai caravan. Plans to visit Zanzibar confer with Sultan over reorganizing troops and taking over fort.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/64

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithRequests special permission to import arms for company use.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/65

G.S. Mackenzie to Sir R. HarveyApprehension over German's move in Tana area? Requests use of Harvey's best men to help on route to Wadelai and list of useful goods for barterPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/66

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Clarifies telegram requesting sheds and asks for iron roofing materialPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/67

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Acknowledges receipt of 5 copies of letter from Dr. Felkin to Emin Pasha to be distributed.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/68

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Encloses letter from W.E. Peal and report from Lt. SwaynePP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/69

Swayne to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosed in previous letter)Reports attempts to find suitable line for road from Banderini to Jeemva & have decided on only practical route. Plan to start building road from Gulu Gulu. Describes survey towards Port Reitz & most important villages, Mwache Valley. Talked with Wa-Duruma natives about road & water routes. Set up trigonometrical station on Bumi Hill - more of these would enable assurate surveys to be carried out & signals to be flashed to Mombasa.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/70

W.E. Peel (Devon) to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosed in G.S. Mackenzie's letter to Sec. 29 Nov.)Ex army officer, requests post with IBEA Co., sets out qualifications, desperate to get job.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/71

G.S. Mackenzie to Peel (enclosed with above)copy of reply - letter forwarded to Sec. IBEA Co.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/72

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Will not, at present, request extension of concession to Northern Ports. Confident that no other nation can forestall Britain. Encloses report on River Tana by Denhardt & vice Consul Churchill's report on Tana.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/73

Churchill's report (enclosed with previous letter)Tana navigable by canoe for 80 days. Description of river difficulties in dry season. Crops grown near river. Main tribes along banks Wapokomo, Gala & SwahiliPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/74

F.D. Lugard (Blantyre) to G.S. MackenzieTook command of expedition to relieve garrison at Karongas, fighting started to suppress slave trade movement & possible extinction of missions at Lake Nyassa. Feels obliged to resolve this battle & must refuse offer to command caravan from Mombasa to interior for the present.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/75

G.S. Mackenzie ? to F. Masetti & Co.Refuses on behalf of IBEA Co. offer of land in Zanzibar & along African coast by Jeram Sewjer.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/76

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.To bring down land prices. natives should be told IBEA Co. has no interest in buying.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/77

G.S. Mackenzie? to F.D. LugardNo post at present for LugardPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/78

G.S. Mackenzie to Pres. & Directors IBEA Co.Describes background of Sheikh Mbaruk great power. Several interviews with G.S. Mackenzie. Sheikh is to be recommended for being in command of territory from Wanga to Kalifi. Exchanged treaties & Sheikh signed on behalf of 9 tribes. Will deal with parties raiding for slaves. Agreement between G.S. Mackenzie made public. Details of salaries & equipment provided by IBEA Co. to Sheikh & men. Encloses map showing distribution of tribes in territory. Governor of Mombasa wishes to be re-appointed Gov. of MalindiPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/79

G.S. Mackenzie? to Gen. Matthews.Setting out details of Sheikh Mbaruk's employment by IBEA Co. & money to be paid to AskariPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/80

G.S. Mackenzie to Rev. Mr. CarthewRequests Carthew to take active measures to ensure runaway slaves are not kept at his mission. Sets out plans for redeeming those slaves already present. Mrs. E. Smith to distribute freedom papersPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/81

G.S. Mackenzie to Rev. PriceUpset of postal services due to disturbances at Bagamoyo. Col. & Mrs. E. Smith to distribute freedom papers on New Years Day.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/82

G.S. Mackenzie to Rev. HoffmanRequests Hoffman to publicise new ruling about runaway slaves. Regulations to apply to foreign as well as British missions. Slaves to be brought to Rabai to be set free. German consul approves of measuresPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/83

G.S. Mackenzie to Sec. IBEA Co.Proclamation concerning employment of slaves on Indian subjects in Zanzibar could interfere with Indian-Arab mercantile operations. Operation of proclamation will be suspended where it affects business. Request for IBEA Co. to have efficient armed force inspite of Declaration of Blockade has been granted inspite of German objections.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/84

Col. E. Smith to expatriates in Sultan's dominions (enclosed in previous letter)Proclamation stressing illegality of British subjects making contracts with slave owners for slave labour (Section 370, Indian Penal Code)PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/85

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. Smith (enclosed with G.S. Mackenzie's letter to Sec. IBEA Co. 12 Dec.)Petition by British Indian Subjects objecting to proclamation mentioned above. Mr. Mackinnon to be asked to intervene. Hardship for British businessmen. Hopes Smith will modify operation of proclamation.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/86

Col. E. Smith to G.S. Mackenzie & others signing petitionAdmits disadvantages of strict adherence to Article 370 of Indian Penal Code. Forwarded petition to H.M. GovernmentPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/87

E.R. Fremantle & Deinhard - Declaration of Blockade (enclosed in G.S. Mackenzie's letter 12 Dec.)Declaring blockade against importation of arms & exportation of slaves.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/88

Col. E. Smith to G.S. Mackenzie (enclosed in G.S. Mackenzie's letter 12 Dec)Informing G.S. Mackenzie of blockadePP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/89

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.CMS and German Society swopping stations and position with regard to harbouring runaway slaves. Enclosing next letterPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/90

W.S. Price to Mr. HoffmanRe - station at Gulu GuluPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/91

G.S. Mackenzie? to Col. Euan SmithDetails of conversation with German consul regarding - runaway slaves and German missionariesPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/92

G.S. Mackenzie ? to Col. Euan SmithStatistics on runaway slaves and 2 enclosures regarding - granting freedom papersPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/93

Smith Mackenzie and Co. to Secretary, IBEA Co.Indents re-caravan goodsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/94

Smith Mackenzie and Co. to Secretary, IBEA Co.Indents for storesPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/95

Don Macleman to Secretary, IBEA Co.Details G.S. Mackenzie's financial drawingsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/96

? to Secretary, IBEA Co.Extract letter from Jackson to G.S. Mackenzie regarding Gulu Gulu to Voi Camp trekPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/97

T. Fleury (Zanzibar) to Tharia TopanRe - telegram (enclosed) about restoring orderPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/98

Don Macleman to [unknown] Extract regarding - killing a lionPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/99

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Re - trip to Northern Coast - success of run-away slaves policy - German presence at Lamu and possibility of a company agent there - German's attempt to control mail through the post office - purchasing part of sea frontage - no need to worry about Lt. Wissman's Expedition - Lt. Swayne indisposedPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/100

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. Euan SmithRe - German customs on Belesoni and Kau - pl. inform German consul and get them to withdrawPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/101

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Drawn £1506/13/9 from Smith Mackenzie with details of expenditurePP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/102

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Asks Sultan to cede remaining Northern ports because of German threat - Royal navy ship at Lamu for blockade purposes S. Sandys wants a job - "Stork" surveying Osi and Tana rivers - decline in Sultan's revenue from German sphere - accounts - encloses next letterPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/103

J. Stuart Sandys to IBEA Co.Request for a jobPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/104

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Enclosing accountsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/105

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.His comments in favour of Lake Naiwasha noted. - Stanley at Mombasa - police force - Mombasa Harbour problemsPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/106

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Re - interview with R.C. Archbishop about establishment of hospitalPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/107

G.S. Mackenzie to R.C. ArchbishopReports communication to IBEA Co. regarding meeting and hospital plansPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/108

Bishop of Zanzibar to G.S. MackenzieNeed for hospital at Mombasa as so many Europeans expected. offers services of nursing sisters. Chapel and school also desirable as nucleus of Catholics is hand to be formedPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/109

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Report on northern ports visited- Kilifi- grain growing area - land bought for customs house. Rivalry between Mbaruk and Sheikh Salim bin Hamis, governor of district. G.S. Mackenzie to confer with Sultan on charges to IBEA Co. for controlling portsMalindi- no harbour - monsoon periodically closes port. Joined by LiWali of Mombasa - enlightened and influential Arab. Mabrui- near Malindi - road to be opened by Lt. Swayne to increase trade from interior. Need for Galas and Arabs to become friendly. Lamoo- very important as stated in previous letter Kipini- port badly surveyed - dangerous to land. Trade can be diverted to Lamoo and possibly Malindi. H.M.S. Stork to survey mouths of Tana, Osi and to fix position of Belesoni Canal.G.S. Mackenzie to visit Gazi and Wanga and then to settle financial details with Sultan, changes at Custom House, Mombasa and establishment of European stations continuing. Other decisions left to Administrator in Chief yet to be appointed. Lt. Swayne recovered. Mr. Auburn very ill. Reports on Gulu Gulu Station and the road there. Caravan to Ukambani country great success. Waiting to hear Stanley's report on WadelaiPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/110

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Freedom papers given to runaway slaves on New Years Day. Rs. 49, 780 spent on release - includes bribes to Elders for their help. Mission stations should pay. Desirable to free Ferdoyo slaves - terror of the coast - 2000-3000 men. Would be useful when trained to keep Masai in check in interior and stop slave caravansPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/111

G.S. MackenzieCopy of freedom paper for slavesPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/112

G.S. Mackenzie to Mission StationsCircular - confirming that all measures regarding slaves adopted by G.S. Mackenzie have been followed. Advises that any further runaway slaves be arrested & sent to LiWali. Warns of imminent inspection of all stations.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/113

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithReports his & gen. Matthews' visit to Rabai Jan 1st to free slaves & to give residence permits to slaves of Wa Daruma & Giriams tribes. Suspects missions still not complying with new rules & asks Smith to ask missionaries for formal declaration on resident slaves.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/114

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Details of caravan route between Gulu Gulu & River Voi led by Jackson.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/115

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Requests book on agriculture, envelopes, moorings & buoys.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/116

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Concerning establishment of German International Post Office at Lamu. Wishes to set up English P.O. also - awaits instructions. Has ordered downward mail to be sent to English consulate.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/117

Tiede to G.S. MackenzieEnclosures to above. Details of German post office. Confirms English mails will not be sent therePP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/118

G.S. Mackenzie to TiedeEnclosure as above. Protest to be passed on to Denhardt against levying goods belonging to villagers under IBEA Co. jurisdiction. Instructions for delivery of English mails in view of German post office.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/119

G.S. Mackenzie to TiedeSultan of Witu (German Territory) willing to sign treaty concerning levying of taxes. Surveying ship "Stork" has established that Beleso Canal is in Sultan of Zanzibar's territory. Wishes English mails to continue being sent to consulate & regrets Tiede passed previous instructions on too late.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/120

G.S. Mackenzie to Stuart SandysSultan (Zanzibar?) declined to join German postal union. English mail not to be sent to German P.O. British Indians to be informed that Indian stamps will carry their letters despite German attempts to sell German stamps. Sandys to be acting authority of Consular Agent.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/121

G.S. Mackenzie to Stuart SandysInstructions on duties as IBEA Co.'s agent & acting Consular Agent. Instructed to appoint brother of LiWali of Lamoo as native interpreterPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/122

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Details of drafts on IBEA Co.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/123

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Not yet possible to provide company with estimate of future expenditures. Desirable for directors to see Committee of C.M.S. regarding new rules for slaves. Has organized caravan under Pigott to push on via Tana towards Mt. Kenia, making treaties en route. Germans have prior claim around Witu territory. Criticism of Lt. Swayne as caravan leader - is to be sent on survey to Izavo. Land at Kilimanjaro transferred to IBEA Co. Camels unsuitable for caravans. Praise for Com. Pullen's survey work of harbours & Osi & Tana Rivers. Belizoni Canal belongs to Zanzibar. G.S. Mackenzie to insist on withdrawal of German Custom-houses in this area. Sultan under pressure by Germans regarding Lamoo - delaying in granting concession to IBEA Co. Further details of postal difficulties.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/124

G.S. Mackenzie to Col. E. SmithMission stations evading 2 points made by G.S. Mackenzie (1) no illegal slaves at stations (2) stringent measures to prevent runaways being taken in future. Requests Smith to obtain assurances from missions.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/125

Salter Price Frere Town to G.S. MackenzieEnclosure to above - refutes accusation that C.S.M. have been reluctant to follow new rules regarding slaves. Accuses G.S. Mackenzie of misrepresenting their actions. Mr. Burness in charge of slaves at Rabai. C.M.S. Askaris cannot be employed to catch runaways.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/126

G.S. Mackenzie to Rev. Salter PriceEnclosure to above. Refutes allegations made in Price's letter. 900 runaways out of 1200-1500 congregation. Offers to give credit to C.M.S. for slave redemption if they will reimburse IBEA Co.'s expenses. Accuses C.M.S. of harbouring slaves to work their land.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/127

G.S. Mackenzie to Sultan of ZanzibarRequests Sultan should appoint someone to arrange accounts with G.S. Mackenzie regarding Custom House, soldiers', officials', pay.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/128

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Reports on negotiations with Sultan regarding Concessions of Lamoo & northern ports. Germans wish to ascertain by arbitration whether claim of IBEA Co. to these lands came before verbal promise to them of same. G.S. Mackenzie has submitted documents to Consul General. Sultan needs assurance of British government support. Discrepancy in limits of German held Witu territory between map in Scottish Geog. Mag. & Capt. Pullen's Survey. Germans occupying Lamoo would go against people's wishes. Question should be asked in Parliament.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/129

G.S. Mackenzie to Col.E. SmithImportance of IBEA Co. gaining ports. Too late to withdraw from negotiations with Sultan.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/130

Smith, Mackenzie & Co. to Gray, Dawes & Co. LondonCopy of telegram stating Sultan acceptance of IBEA Co.'s offer for coast dominions, not including Wanga to Warsheikh.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/131

Mackinnon's replyCopy of telegram suggesting ports north of Kipini be acquired by future concessions.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/132

G.S. Mackenzie to Sultan of ZanzibarAccepts Sultan's conditions for hiring of Lamoo & Benndir - States IBEA Co. is not trading company & wishes to develop resources of country. Promises to submit treaty following day.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/133

Copy of treaty mentioned above, signed by Sultan & G.S. Mackenzie.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/134

Declaration by Gen. Matthews stating his part in negotiations for lease of Sultan's territory in East Africa, these having been started nine years previouslyPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/135

Declaration by W.S. White Nicol swearing that telegrams of 1887 were true copiesPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/136

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Encloses & comments on Capt. Pullen's survey of rivers Ozi & Tana. Suggests director shows Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs relevant papers & to take steps to enforce IBEA Co.'s rights. Enclosure- Pullen's report to Consul-general. Details of Witu territory. Swaheli ruling tribe - headed by Sultan Achmed. Fields worked by slaves. Gallas & escaped Zanzibar slaves also work there. Many craftsmen. Climate & vegetables described. Rubber important industry. Raids by Gallas & Somalis frequent.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/137

Pullen to Col. E. SmithEnclosed with above. Report of survey.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/138

Statements made by Akhida Ahwand Gaurazi & elders to Pullen concerning German's occupation of territory & setting up of customs houses. People's allegiance to Sultan of Zanzibar. Statement by Sheriff Ali bin MohothariPP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/139

Capt. Pullen?Enclosed with above. Discussion of G.S. Mackenzie's letter dated 27 Oct 1888. Re - stating boundary line defined in 1886.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/140

Capt. PullenDiscussion of Consul General's Michahelles dated Zanzibar 2 Jan 1889. Correcting Michahelles statements concerning Sultan's levying of duties.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/141

Capt. PullenNotes & proceedings on survey trip. Meeting with the Akida at Kipini. Description of Kau. Difficulty of navigating Osi canal. Observed canoes paying duty to Sultan of Witu at Tana entrance. Describing trip to Tana mouth. Return, after taking bearings, via Kau & Kipini.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/142

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Concerning title to land at Kilimanjaro transferred by Mr. H.H. Johnston to Mr. J.F. Hutton.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/143

J. MartinConfirming abovePP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/144

G.S. Mackenzie to Secretary, IBEA Co.Refuting allegations made by Indian Lewjee Hadjee & published byManchester Guardian. Lies to make trouble for IBEA Co.PP MS 1/IBEA/1/1A/145

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