United States Patent 4261651 'Liquid Crystal Compounds'

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Invented by George W. Gray and Damien G. McDonnell

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Records of the Liquid Crystals and Advanced Materials Research Group, University of HullU DLCR

Teaching and StudentsU DLCR/1

Research ProjectsU DLCR/2

PublicationsU DLCR/3

Reprints FilesU DLCR/3/1

BooksU DLCR/3/2

PatentsU DLCR/3/3

United States Patent 3947375 'Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/1

UK Patent Specification 1433130 'Substituted Biphenyl and Polyphenyl Compounds and Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/2a

UK Patent Specification 1452826 'Liquid Crystal Compositions'U DLCR/3/3/2b

United States Patent 4119558 'Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/3a

UK Patent Specification 1551043 'Biphenyl Compounds Containing A Cyano Group and Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices Containing such Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/3b

UK Patent Specification 1555954 'Solutions of Pleochoric Azo Dye in Liquid Crystal Material and Devices Incorporating Such Solutions'U DLCR/3/3/4a

UK Patent Specification 1555955 'Solutions of Pleochoric Azo Dye in Liquid Crystal Material and Devices Incorporating Such Solutions'U DLCR/3/3/4b

UK Patent Application 2027027A 'Alkylbicyclo (2,2,2) Octyl-phenyl-or-polyphenyl-nitriles, their Use as Liquid Crystal Compounds and Materials and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/5

United States Patent 4257911 'Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/6

United States Patent 4261652 'Liquid Crystal Compounds and Materials and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/7

UK Patent Application 2058789A 'Fluorophenols'U DLCR/3/3/8

UK Patent Application 2027708A 'Substituted Bicyclo-octane Compounds Having Liquid Crystal Properties and Materials and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/9

UK Patent Application 2041915A 'The Preparation of Bromo-p-terphenyl Derivatives'U DLCR/3/3/10

UK Patent Application 2065104A 'Liquid Crystal Bicyclo-octane Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/11

United States Patent 4261651 'Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/12

UK Patent Specification 1587819 'Aromatic Diester Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/13

UK Patent Application 2063250 'Liquid Crystal Esters'U DLCR/3/3/14

UK Patent Application 2069483A 'Bicyclo(2,2,2)Octane Carboxylic Ester Liquid Crystal Compounds, Materials and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/15

UK Patent Application, 2070594A 'Liquid Crystal Compounds Containing an Alicyclic Ring'U DLCR/3/3/16

UK Patent Application 2071649A 'Liquid Crystal Bicyclo-octane Carboxylic Esters'U DLCR/3/3/17

UK Patent Specification 1592147 'Trans-4-Alkylcyclohexane-1-Carboxylic Acid Ester Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/18

UK Patent Specification 1592161 'Biphenyl Carboxylic Esters and Their Use as Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/19

UK Patent Specification 1596012 'Optically Active Liquid Crystal Materials and Liquid Crystal Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/20

UK Patent Specification 1596013 'Optically Active Liquid Crystal Materials and Liquid Crystal Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/21

UK Patent Specification 1596014 'Optically Active Liquid Crystal Materials and Liquid Crystal Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/22

UK Patent Specification 1603075 'Liquid Crystal Esters Containing Naphthyl Groups'U DLCR/3/3/23

United States Patent '4149413 'Optically Active Liquid Crystal Mixtures and Liquid Crystal Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/24

UK Patent Specification 1551043 'Biphenyl Compounds Containing A Cyano Group and Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices Containing Such Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/25

UK Patent Specification 1603076 'Esters of (+)-4-(2'-Methylbutyl)phenol and Their Use as Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/26

UK Patent Application 2079275A 'Liquid Crystal Bicyclo[2.2.2]Octane Esters'U DLCR/3/3/27

UK Patent Application 2081707A 'Liquid Crystal Aromatic Nitrile Ethers'U DLCR/3/3/28

UK Patent 2023136B 'Cyclohexane-containing Derivatives of Aromatic Nitriles and their Use as Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/29

UK Patent, 2027027B, Liquid Crystal Alkyl Bicyclo(2,2,2)octyl Phenyl or Biphenyl Nitrile Compounds and Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/30

UK Patent 2027708B 'Substituted Bicyclo-octane Liquid Crystal Compounds and Devices Containing Them'U DLCR/3/3/31

United States Patent 4366330 'Intermediates Useful in the Production of Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/32

UK Patent Application 2102414A 'Substituted Bicyclo(2,2,2)octane Compounds and their Use in Liquid Crystal Compound Production'U DLCR/3/3/33

UK Patent 2041915B 'The Preparation of Derivatives of 4-bromo-p-terphenyl'U DLCR/3/3/34

UK Patent Application 2118934A 'Production of Liquid Crystal Cyanophenylethanes'U DLCR/3/3/35

UK Patent Application 2121406A 'Liquid Crystal Cyanophenylethanes'U DLCR/3/3/36

UK Patent Application 2122991A 'Liquid Crystal Derivatives of 1,3-Dioxan or Pyrimidine'U DLCR/3/3/37

UK Patent 2070594B 'Alicyclic-aromatic Ethers Suitable for Use in Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/38

UK Patent 2071649B 'Liquid Crystal Bicyclo-octane Carboxylic Esters'U DLCR/3/3/39

UK Patent 2079275B 'Liquid crystal ester compounds'U DLCR/3/3/40a

UK Patent 2058789 'Substituted fluorophenols and their use in the preparation of liquid crystal esters'U DLCR/3/3/40b

UK Patent 2063250B 'Fluorinated Phenyl Esters of Phenyl and Cyclohexyl Carboxylic Acids and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Compositions'U DLCR/3/3/41

UK Patent Application 2134110A 'Liquid Crystal 1-fluorophenyl-2-cyclohexyl-ethanes'U DLCR/3/3/42

German Patent DE3321373A1 'Bycyclohexyle der Formel I'U DLCR/3/3/43

UK Patent 2058789B 'Substituted Fluorophenols and Their Use in the Preparation of Liquid Crystal Esters'U DLCR/3/3/44

UK Patent 2089345B '4(4'-Alkyl- and Alkoxy-Benzoyloxy)Alkoxybenzenes and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/45

UK Patent 2111974B 'Chlorophenyl Acyloxybenzoates and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/46a

United States 4512636 'Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/46b

UK Patent 2106127B 'Liquid Crystal Materials and Additive Compounds Containing an Ethyl Bridged Structure Suitable for Use in Them'U DLCR/3/3/47

European Patent 0149208 'Ethanderivate'U DLCR/3/3/48

German Patent 3401320A1 'Ethanderivate'U DLCR/3/3/49

UK Patent 2102414B 'Substituted Bicyclo(2.2.2)Octane Compounds, Their Use in the Synthesis of Liquid Crystal Compounds and the Products Synthesised Thereby'U DLCR/3/3/50

UK Patent 2093057B 'Liquid Crystal Composition'U DLCR/3/3/51

United States Patent 4512636 'Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/52

UK Patent 2118934B 'Production of Liquid Crystal Cyanophenylethanes'U DLCR/3/3/53

UK Patent 2134535B 'Liquid Crystal Materials and Additive Compounds Containing a Bicyclo(2,2,2)Octane Structure Suitable for Use in Them'U DLCR/3/3/54

United States Patent 4622164 'Bicyclohexyls'U DLCR/3/3/55

UK Patent 2134110B 'Disubstituted Ethanes and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/56

UK Patent 2155946B 'Substituted cyclobutanes and their use in liquid crystal materials'U DLCR/3/3/57

German Patent 3600052A1 'Heterocyclische Verbindungen'U DLCR/3/3/58a

International Patent WO87/04158 'Heterocyclische Verbindungen als Komponenten Flussigkristalliner Phasen'U DLCR/3/3/58b

United States Patent 4659502 'Ethane Derivatives'U DLCR/3/3/59

UK Patent Application 2179351A 'Amino Acid Derivatives Suitable for Use in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/60

UK Patent Application 2193209A 'Biphenylyl Ethanes and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/61

German Patent 3712995A1 'Thiazol- und Thiadiazol-Derivate Enthaltende Medien Mit Smektischer Flussigkristalliner Phase'U DLCR/3/3/62

UK Patent Application 2200912A 'Terphenyl Derivatives and Liquid Crystal Materials Containing Them' invented by George William Gray, Kenneth Johnson Toyne, David Lacey, Richard Michal Scrunston, Lawrence Kam Ming ChanU DLCR/3/3/63

UK Patent Application 2197868A 'Methoxy-Bridged Liquid Crystal Compounds and Materials Using Them'U DLCR/3/3/64a

UK Patent Application 2198743A 'Ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal mixtures containing terphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/64b

UK Patent 2162515B 'Esters and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/65

UK Patent 2171696B 'Pyrimidine Ester Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/66

United States Patent 4868341 'Bicyclohexyls'U DLCR/3/3/67

European Patent 0104327 'Verwendung von Ringverbindungen als Komponenten-Flussigkristallinen-Dielektrika'U DLCR/3/3/68

German Patent 3807956 'Derivate des p-Ter-bzw.p-Quaterphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/69

International Patent WO89/08687 '2,3-Difluorobiphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/70

European Patent Specification 0201578 'Alpha-Hydroxy Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Suitable for Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/71

United State Patent 4852977 'a-Hydroxy Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Suitable for Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/72

German Patent 3807861 '2,3-Difluorbiphenyle'U DLCR/3/3/73

International Patent Application WO89/02425 'Fluorintated Oligophenyls and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials'U DLCR/3/3/74

European Patent Specification 0097033 'Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/75

Canadian Patent 1277133 'Compounds for Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Devices'U DLCR/3/3/76a

UK Patent 2179351B 'Amino Acid Derivatives Suitable for Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/76b

German Patent DE3037318C2 'Substituierte Phenole, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung'U DLCR/3/3/76c

United States Patent 4941992 'N-Substituted Amino Acid Derivatives for use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/76d

German Patent DE3321373C2 'Bicyclohexyle und Bicyclohexyle enthaltende flussigkristalline Dielektrika'U DLCR/3/3/76e

European Patent Specification 0258298 'Liquid Crystal Compounds Containing Two or More Chiral Centres'U DLCR/3/3/76f

UK Patent 2197868B 'Methoxy-Bridged Liquid Crystal Compounds and Materials Using Them'U DLCR/3/3/77a

European Patent Specification 0258298 'Liquid crystal compounds containing two or more chiral centres'U DLCR/3/3/77b

UK Patent 2193209B 'Biphenylyl Ethanes and Their Use in Liquid Crystal Materials and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/78

Patent Application 9105362.9 'Anisotropic Organic Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/79a

Patent Application 9105359.5 'Naphthyl Organic Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/79b

United States Patent 5037576 'Liquid Crystal Compounds, Mixtures and Devices'U DLCR/3/3/79c

UK Patent 2230265B 'Laterally Cyano-Substituted Terphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/80

Dutch Patent 187017 'Werkwijze ter bereiding van een vloeibaar kristalmateriaal, alsmede vloeibaar kristal bevattende elektro-optische inrichting, werkwijze voor oppervlakthermografie en voor temperatuur gevoelige afleesinrichting'U DLCR/3/3/81

Dutch Patent 187016 'Werkwijze ter bereiding van een vloeibaar kristalmateriaal alsmede gedraaide nematische cel, dynamische verstrooiingscel of elektro-optische inrichting met een vloeibaar kristalmateriaal'U DLCR/3/3/82

UK Patent 2244710B 'Phenyl Naphthalenes Having Liquid Crystalline Properties'U DLCR/3/3/83

European Patent Specification 0310620 B1 'Chiral Liquid Crystal Compounds'U DLCR/3/3/84

German Patent 3401320 'Ethanderivate, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und diese enthaltende flussigkristalline Phasen'U DLCR/3/3/85

Japanese Patent Application 1639049 'Phenol Derivative'U DLCR/3/3/86

UK Patent 2227742B 'Difluorinated terphenyls and their use in liquid crystal materials'U DLCR/3/3/87

European Patent 0473208A2 'Heterocyclische Verbindungen der Formel lec'U DLCR/3/3/88

UK Patent 2235192B 'Difluorphenyl esters and their use as liquid crystal materials'U DLCR/3/3/89

European Patent Specification 0334845B1 'Liquid crystal compounds, mixtures and devices'U DLCR/3/3/90

UK Patent 2232156B 'Phenyl esters and their use in liquid crystal materials'U DLCR/3/3/91

European Patent Specification 0333760B1 'Cyano-Alicyclic Esters and Liquid Crystal Compositions'U DLCR/3/3/92

UK Patent 2243605B 'Fluorinated 4''-cyano substituted terphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/93

United States Patent 5147577 'Cyano-alicyclic esters in liquid crystal compositions'U DLCR/3/3/94

Austrian Patent E73120B 'Biphenylyl-athane und ihre verwendung in flussigkristall-materialien und -vorrichtungen'U DLCR/3/3/95

United States Patent 5156763 'Laterally fluorinated 4-cyanophenyl and 4'-cyanobiphenyl benzoates'U DLCR/3/3/96

German Patent 4117113A1 'Polymerisierbare Flussigkristallmaterialien und ferroelektrische smektische, flussigkristalline Phasen aufweisende Polymerzusammensetzungen'U DLCR/3/3/97

United States Patent 5167862 'Alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid derivates suitable for use in liquid crystal materials and devices'U DLCR/3/3/98

European Patent 0515972A1 'Polymerisierbare Flussigkristallmaterialien und ferroelektrische smektische, flussigkristalline Phasen aufweisende Polymerzusammensetzungen'U DLCR/3/3/99

UK Patent Application 2257969A 'Thermochromatic materials'U DLCR/3/3/100

European Patent Specification 0329752B1 'Fluorinated oligophenyls and their use in liquid crystal materials'U DLCR/3/3/101

United States Patent 5204019 '2,3-Difluorobiphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/102a

European Patent Specification 0259423B1 'Liquid crystal compounds, mixtures and devices'U DLCR/3/3/102b

Canadian Patent 1317975 'Chiral liquid crystal compounds mixtures and devices containing them'U DLCR/3/3/103

European Patent 0362318B1 '2,3-difluorbiphenyle'U DLCR/3/3/104

UK Patent 2255776B 'Liquid crystal cyanoalkanes and cyanoalkenes'U DLCR/3/3/105

German Patent 3225290C2 'Ringverbindungen'U DLCR/3/3/106

United States Patent 5252253 'Phenyl naphthalenes having liquid crystalline properties'U DLCR/3/3/107

United States Patent 5262081 'Liquid crystalline polyesters for optical data storage'U DLCR/3/3/108

International Patent Application WO94/00532 '1-methyl-2-oxaalkoxy-derivatives'U DLCR/3/3/109

European Patent Specification 039566B1 'Laterally cyano- and fluoro-substituted terphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/110

United States Patent 5312563 'Fluorinated 4''-cyano substituted terphenyls'U DLCR/3/3/111

United States Patent 5334327 'Laterally fluorinated 4-cyanophenyl and 4'-cyanobiphenyl benzoates'U DLCR/3/3/112

International Patent Application WO94/29263 'Discotic Compounds for Use in Liquid Crystal Mixtures'U DLCR/3/3/113

European Patent EP0309514B2 'Thiazol- und thiadiazol-derivate enthaltende medien mit smektischer flussigkristalliner phase'U DLCR/3/3/114

Working Files re PublicationsU DLCR/3/4

Files: Research Papers by AuthorU DLCR/3/5

Conferences, Lectures and PresentationsU DLCR/4

Awards, Nominations and HonoursU DLCR/5

Research LibraryU DLCR/6

Correspondence FilesU DLCR/7

Photographs and SlidesU DLCR/8

Photomicrographic ArtworkU DLCR/9

ObjectsU DLCR/10

Film Material: Liquid CrystalsU DLCR/11

Oral History RecordingsU DLCR/12

Personal and BiographicalU DLCR/13