IRISH QUESTION

Material by advocates and opponents of Irish nationalism, including the IrishDefence Union, the Irish Dominion League, the Labour Party, the LiberalParty, the National Constitution Defence Movement, the National and RadicalUnion, the North East Boundary Bureau, and the Southern Irish LoyalistsRelief Fund.

In 1914 at the beginning of World War I (1914 - 1918) Ireland was part of theUnited Kingdom governed from Westminster. At this time Ireland wasrepresented by 105 MPs, a third of whom were Unionists and generallysupported the Conservative Party. The majority of Irish MPs were members ofthe Home Rule Party, led by John Redmond (1856 - 1918), who had beencampaigning for nearly 40 years for the right to have their own Parliament inDublin. In 1920 the Home Rule Bill was enacted, establishing separateparliaments for Ulster and Catholic Ireland. This plan was accepted byUlster, and Northern Ireland was created in Autumn 1921. The Prime MinisterLloyd George (1863 - 1945) granted Catholic Ireland dominion status withinthe British Empire. The Irish Free State was established in January 1922. Anew constitution was ratified in 1937 that terminated Great Britain'ssovereignty. In 1948, all semblance of Commonwealth membership ended with theRepublic of Ireland Act.

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