Entertainment

  • This material is held at
  • Reference
      GB 898 BBC/R/PRR/R19
  • Dates of Creation
      1924 - 1982
  • Name of Creator
  • Physical Description
      3 293 files (Paper)

Scope and Content

The papers relate to the work of the radio 'Entertainment Division' (later the 'Light Entertainment Department') and cover the creation and broadcast of radio programmes that fall under the very broad heading of entertainment (or light entertainment). In the period when most of the material in the series was created, entertainment programmes were classed as anything that was not a Talk (a factual programme that often took the form of a lecture or speech), a musical performance or a news bulletin. Radio entertainment output included variety acts, musical revues, comedies, plays, quizzes, travelogues, features, satires, poetry, interviews and long-running serials such as The Archers and Mrs Dale's Diary .

Several programming strands within the Entertainment Division, such as Outside Broadcasts, Gramophone Records, Music and Children's Hour, had separate departments. See Related Units of Descriptions for series containing the papers for these programmes.

The files cover all stages of the production process, including initial proposals, casting and recording, technical arrangements and audience feedback. The series contains files for specific programmes, alongside files covering more general topics such as entertainment policy, scheduling and proposals for new programmes.

Material can include correspondence, budget documents, scripts, pamphlets, audience research reports, Programmes-as-Broadcast, cast sheets, newspaper clippings, plans and minutes. The amount of detailed correspondence varies depending on the nature of the programme.

The papers include correspondence and official paperwork from the following sources: producers; writers; script editors; Features Organiser; Head of Drama; Drama Booking Manager; Head of Features; Head of Children's Hour; Head of General Overseas Service; Overseas Programme Planner; Director of Variety; Variety Booking Manager; Controller, Light Programme; Controller of Third Programme; Assistant Director of Sound Broadcasting and contributors to programmes.

Administrative / Biographical History

Entertainment played a significant role in the early success of the BBC. The output of the Entertainment division was wide ranging, and through separate departments for music, features, variety and drama arranged everything from 'pop music' through to Gilbert and Sullivan; and everything from Transatlantic Quiz and In Town Tonight to Leslie Baily's Scrapbooks , Take It From Here , and The Goon Show .

The BBC broadcast its first variety and dance programmes in 1923. Light music, musical comedy, revue, and gramophone-record programmes were very early features of the broadcasting week with game shows later becoming a staple of light entertainment programming. Light entertainment was supplemented by plays and drama pieces, which tended to be more highbrow, including adaptions of Shakespeare, classical drama and modern playwrights. Novels and short stories were dramatised and original plays were also produced.

Popular entertainment at the BBC from the mid-1920s onwards was developed by a number of significant individuals including R.E. Jeffrey, Eric Maschwitz, Bertram Fryer and Gerald Cock. By 1933 the organisation of programmes became more specialised, with new posts for 'Directors' of Entertainment, Talks, Religion and Foreign Services with Roger Eckersley becoming Director of Entertainment. As a result of this new structure, light entertainment programming began to increase steadily through the 1930s, from twenty-nine hours a month in 1933 to forty-four hours a month in 1935, and fifty-nine hours a month in 1936.

During the Second World War the television service was temporarily shut down and radio entertainment was a popular morale booster for the general public. Programmes such as Band Waggon and It's That Man Again (ITMA) often had a forty percent share of the listening public.

R J F Howgill was Controller of Sound Entertainment from 1949 until 1952, when Michael Standing took over the post, having previously been Head of Variety from 1945.

The 1940s and 1950s were prolific decades for radio drama, with the BBC commissioning over four hundred plays a year by the mid-1940s. Dylan Thomas's Under Milk Wood and several plays by Samuel Beckett received much acclaim. The launch of the Third Programme in 1946, as a platform for heavier and more experimental drama and music, made the split between highbrow and popular forms of entertainment more pronounced.

In 1957 the Light Entertainment department for Radio was created with Pat Hillyard as its head, followed by Roy Rich between 1964 and 1967. C.J. Mahoney was the next Head of Light Entertainment until David Hatch's tenure beginning in 1978. Bobby Jaye took over in 1981 until his retirement in 1985.

Arrangement

The series is arranged into sequences that correspond with batches of files as they were deposited into the archive. When originally deposited, sequences were arranged alphabetically to cover specified date ranges (reflecting how they were originally filed at the Central Registry). However, files deposited later were in some cases incorporated into an existing sequence and at other times a new sequence was created.

Significant alphabetical sequences are listed below:

- R19/1-1483 is a large sequence composed mainly of the first major deposit in the series. Files are arranged alphabetically by title, A-Y. The majority of the files are pre-1954, but the sequence has been added to subsequently so there are files incorporated that span to 1980.

- R19/1496-1546 are arranged alphabetically by file title B-W (covering 1954-1971)

- R19/1558-1737 are arranged alphabetically by file title A-L (covering 1945-1966)

- R19/1738-1774 are arranged alphabetically by file title A-S (covering 1949-1965)

- R19/1775-1980 are arranged alphabetically by file title M-Z (covering 1940-1970)

- R19/1981 is a series of 45 files of departmental memos (filed as 'miscellaneous') covering 1955-1965

- R19/2050 is a series of 35 files of departmental memos (filed as 'miscellaneous') covering 1965-1978

- R19/2051-2085 is arranged alphabetically by file title A-M (covering 1950-1975)

- R19/2087-2292 is arranged alphabetically by file title B-W (covering 1937-1978)

- R19/2398-2439 is arranged alphabetically by file title A-W (covering 1955-1979)

- R19/2440-2462 is arranged alphabetically by file title A-S (covering 1965-1981)

Physical Characteristics and/or Technical Requirements

Files containing written material.

Custodial History

The papers were originally filed in the Central Registry and transferred to the Written Archives Centre in a number of deposits. Deposits were originally transferred directly from the registry to the archive, but later material was transferred via the Records Management Centre and later from Records and Programme Information Centre (RAPIC).

The files that make up the first alphabetical sequence (pre-1954) were deposited in various batches from 1970 onwards. Several sequences originating from the Central Registry were combined, originally to form one complete sequence, but later new deposits were added in the order in which they arrived.

Subsequent deposits include a collection of Popular Music files covering the period 1956-1975, which was appraised at the Records Management Centre in January 1989. Fifty percent of the files were considered to be of archival value and were deposited at the Written Archives Centre in May 1990.

A batch of Light Entertainment programme and subject files covering 1955-1965 was transferred to Record Management Centre in March 1980 and files were deposited at the Written Archives in June 1990. The deposit was reviewed and weeded at the Records Management Centre, where files of a purely administrative nature were destroyed before transfer to the Written Archives Centre.

Light Entertainment Policy and Administration files covering 1965-1978 were transferred to the Records Management Centre in February 1982. A review of the material resulted in seventy-five percent being retained for the archive. The material was deposited at the Written Archives Centre in October 1991 and consists of radio programme and subject files.

Entertainment programme files (covering dates not recorded) were transferred to the Records Management Centre in March 1982. The material was subsequently reviewed and weeded with the destruction of some files. The material, including drama, music and Talks files, was deposited at the Written Archives Centre in April 1992.

Radio Drama department files were transferred to the Records Management Centre in two sections in September 1984 and August 1986. The material covers the period 1961-1975 and consists of specific drama productions, including files relating to the Norman Wright drama productions, and was deposited in December 1992.

Further radio drama material covering the period 1958-1982 was transferred to the Records Management Centre in June 1986. The material was reviewed and weeded with some files being destroyed before being deposited at the Written Archives Centre in April 1992. These were followed in December 1992 by files from the 1955-1977 period discovered in October the same year during a one-year appraisal at the Records Management Centre. The deposit consists of programme or programme related files.

Files from the period 1961-1989 were sent to the Written Archives Centre from RAPIC in November 1995 consisting of Radio Drama, Features, Arts and Education. A further batch of material from the Light Entertainment Radio project covering the dates 1983-1989 arrived at the Written Archives Centre from RAPIC in February 2000.

Related Material

BBC/T/PRT/T12: Light Entertainment covers the output of the Television Light Entertainment Department for approximately the same period as this series. These files feature predominantly variety and comedy programmes (including sitcoms), as there were separate departments for television drama, features and documentaries.

Relevant series for departments that were under the jurisdiction of the Entertainment Division include:

- BBC/R/PRR/R136: Radio Drama

- BBC/R/R21: Gramophone Correspondence

- BBC/R/PRR/R30: Outside Broadcasts (including sport and live events)

- BBC/R/OM/R27: Music: General

- BBC/R/PRR/R11: Children's Hour

- BBC/R/PRR/R45: Recorded Programmes (for any programmes consisting of or including recordings kept for future use)

BBC/NR: Nations and Regions contains series covering radio entertainment broadcast from and to the nations and regions of the UK (Midlands, North, West, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland).

BBC/CORP/R9: Audience Research contains viewer reaction reports to selected programmes and audience barometers listing statistics on numbers of viewers.

BBC/R/RCONT: Radio Contributors contains material for individual contributors. Files are arranged alphabetically by surname and lists are available on request.

Scripts are available on microfilm for most programmes.